We are all aware of big data. But how many of us know about small data and its importance in machine learning? Small data is the data that comes in a volume and format that makes it accessible, informative, and actionable for humans. Big data is about machines and small data is about humans. The only way to comprehend big data is to reduce it to smaller, visually appealing objects that represent various aspects of a large data set. For example, sensors gather weather reports from all over the country, computers process this big amount of data and transform it into small data in the form of chart or graphs which is shown by the television news channels which is easily understood by the people.
How is small data effective?
For the understanding of AI, data plays an important role. To train an AI requires a large volume of data. This assumption that AI requires huge data to operate ignores the existence and obscures the potential approaches, which do not require big data for training. Small data comprises transfer learning, data labeling, artificial data, Bayesian methods, and reinforcement learning. Using small approaches attracts non-technical professionals as well for an understanding of when, where, and how data is useful for AI. Small data approaches are making progress in the field of scientific research by evaluating the current and projected progress in the field of AI. Machine learning is not only restricted to big data, there are alternative small data approaches that can be used extensively. The US and China are competing very closely in small data approaches. They are trying to inculcate small data approaches in the field of machine learning. Small data approaches also require less funding and save time as well.
Small data approaches like transfer learning are widely being used nowadays. Scientists use transfer learning to train machines to enable them to work in various fields. For example, some researchers in India used transfer learning to train a machine to locate kidneys in ultrasound images by using only 45 training examples. Transfer learning is expected to grow more soon. One of the major challenges in the use of AI is that machines require generalization i.e., to provide proper answers to questions in which they are trained because transfer learning is transferring knowledge. It is possible to even with limited data. Transfer learning is being used for the diagnosis of cancer, playing video games, spam filtering, and many more. Advanced AI tools and techniques are opening new probability to train AI with small data and change processes. For training an AI or machines, large …….
Source: https://www.analyticsinsight.net/importance-of-small-data-in-machine-learning/